Boric acid can be used to kill roaches, bugs and fleas, and it is also sometimes used in mattresses, futons and upholstery. While boric acid is traditionally used as roach poison, boric acid suppositories are safe to use vaginally. If youre interested in using boric acid suppositories or have questions or concerns, speak with your doctor first. Vaginal suppositories are solid, oval-shaped medical treatments that are inserted into the vagina using a plastic applicator. Video chat with a U.S. board-certified doctor 24/7 in less than one minute for common issues such as: colds and coughs, stomach symptoms, bladder infections, rashes, and more. But are they boric acid suppositories legit and, more importantly, safe? 2019;46(12):810-812. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001063, Reichman O, Akins R, Sobel JD. Sure, but it may worsen your symptoms, cause the infection to last longer, and even spread the infection to, Yeast infections are common during pregnancy. You may have heard that you can become very sick or potentially die from boric acid. But any change in that environment can upset the balance, leading to infections like bacterial vaginosis (BV). He or she will also probably be able to tell you about the boric acid. Boric acid is a white, crystalline chemical substance that has antifungal and antiviral properties. Topical azole antifungals are the recommended treatment during pregnancy for at least 7 days owing to increased efficacy. Iavazzo, C., Gkegkes, I. D., Zarkada, I. M., & Falagas, M. E. (2011, August). For potential or actual medical emergencies, immediately call 911 or your local emergency service. Holley, Robert L., et al. We have been to the fertility doc as well, he says infections have nothing tondo with our problems and all our tests came back great. In addition, avoid using boric acid suppositories if youre pregnant or breastfeeding. This product works by replenishing normal pH levels of your vagina while balancing . It is commonly used to treat eye infections, yeast infections and athlete's foot. Some more research has also found that boric acid may help treat infections with Trichomonas vaginalis that are difficult to treat. Boric acid causes irritation to open wounds in and around the vagina and should not be used in such cases. Here are 7 of the best over-the-counter yeast infection pills, creams, gels, and treatments. Studies in animals have found that when taken orally, boric acid can affect fertility in male animals and affect a developing fetus in female animals. , Doctor Medical Verified Dr. Hasan, Doctor 23,209 Satisfied Customers MBBS, FCPS, with experience in all fields of medicine and surgery Dr. Hasan is online now Related Medical Questions Can u take boric acid capsules if you have high blood Because boric acid is naturally found in the environment, many people consider it to be a greener option for treating vaginal infections. Your vagina naturally houses "good" bacteria that keep it healthy. You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site. Can You Have Sex with a Vaginal Yeast Infection? How to use boric acid suppositories Boric Acid Addition to Suppressive Antimicrobial Therapy for Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis. LWW, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Nov. 2009, journals.lww.com/stdjournal/Fulltext/2009/11000/Boric_Acid_Addition_to_Suppressive_Antimicrobial.13.aspx. Because of this, you may be wondering whether boric acid suppositories are actually safe to use. What are the potential side effects or risks of using boric acid vaginal suppositories? Why Do I Have Period Symptoms But No Period? doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181b08456. Top answers from doctors based on your search: Created for people with ongoing healthcare needs but benefits everyone. Doing so allows enough time for the medication to melt, enabling the spermicide to disperse. Learn more, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. I've never heard of using boric acid for that, so I'm not really any help there. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Boric acid technical fact sheet. For these, please consult a doctor (virtually or in person). Alisha D. Vassar-Sellers, BS Pharmacy, PharmD, Bacterial vaginosis can be a stubborn infection that keeps coming back. used boric acid to clear up my yi, which it did. When boric acid enters the body it can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dermatitis, kidney damage, acute failures of the circulatory system, and even death. ), Delivered by c-section at 32w0d 8/15/2014 due to preeclampsia/HELLP syndrome. Avoid having vaginal intercourse while youre using boric acid suppositories. Boric acid is a naturally occurring compound with antifungal and antimicrobial properties. Using your fingers or an applicator specifically designed for this purpose, gently insert the suppository into your vagina as far as it will comfortably go. You can continue to use the boric acid during menstruation, while some of it mixes with menstrual fluids and might be absorbed into a tampon; it would still be better than stopping use. (2015). These are often prescribed as an alternative treatment for certain types of vaginal infections that are resistant to standard treatment, says Kecia Gaither, MD, an ob-gyn in New York City, or as a preventative measure. Also, do not use any roach killers that contain boric acid during pregnancy. Ancobon and other antifungal medications require a prescription. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Heres our process. She is also a 10-time marathoner, frequent traveler and avid amateur baker. A 2011 review paper investigated the efficacy of boric acid in treating recurrent vaginal candidiasis. Reichman O, et al. Most boric acid suppositories come in 600-milligram doses that you insert once a day for 1-2 weeks. Depending on the strength, the medication can often take between 3 and 7 days to clear an existing infection. Garlic is known to have positive biological effects on fungus and bacteria but can it be used to treat yeast, Vaginal yeast infection should be properly diagnosed and treated. We avoid using tertiary references. Boric acid is a mild acid that works as a great remedy for yeast infection due to these chemical properties of it that we have listed out here. It can be naturally found in the environment in: Additionally, boric acid is used in various commercial products, such as: Boric acid was first used as an antiseptic in 1873. Boric acid should no longer be there after three days so oral, Intercoured is fine but maybe you should wait a week or two for oral. (2021). A 2019 study looked at the effectiveness of boric acid for recurrent yeast infections. Possible side effects from boric acid vaginal suppositories include mild vaginal irritation or watery discharge. You may find that bedtime works best for your schedule. I have read mixed reviews on other chat boards about how there are dangers to using boric acid during pregnancy, and some resulted in miscarriage. Here are some guidelines to follow when inserting your boric acid suppository: The suppository should be inserted at the same time each day. Its also an affordable alternative to more conventional treatments that may not target the non-albicans or azole-resistant strains of yeast. A person should take the medication for as long as directed, even if the symptoms go away. Life cycle environmental impact assessment of borax and boric acid production in China. But the vitamin E may be slower to work than estrogen cream since there were no significant differences between the two treatments at 8 and 12 weeks. Commenting is the best way to get involved. i've been using boric acid suppositories for almost 2 weeks and never saw this. It immobilizes and kills the sperm, so they are unable to travel to the womb. Antifungal mechanisms supporting boric acid therapy of Candida vaginitis. Use is contraindicated. Over 12 weeks, 325 women took a hormonal suppository called Prasterone, and 157 women took a placebo. Simply scoop or funnel the powder into the capsule. Boric acid suppositories may be particularly useful for people whose vaginal candidiasis symptoms do not improve after an extended course of conventional treatment. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, Using vaginal suppositories: Step-by-step, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5114791/, https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/spermicide/how-do-i-use-spermicide, https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/spermicide/how-effective-spermicide, https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/jwh.2010.2708, https://journals.lww.com/menopausejournal/Abstract/2016/03000/Efficacy_of_intravaginal_dehydroepiandrosterone.6.aspx, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11046-017-0209-6, https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/genital/index.html, https://www.cdc.gov/std/tg2015/candidiasis.htm. (2015). Because of this, its important to talk with your doctor before using any homeopathic product, including boric acid suppositories. Although BV is not a sexually transmitted infection (STI), risk factors for infection include having multiple sexual partners. Boric acid suppositories can be used to treat some types of recurrent vaginal infections. Boric acid suppositories can appear similar to pills that youd take orally. The probiotic I take are not suppositories, they're oral pills. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. These effects appeared readily reversible at the dosage levels tested. When applying them, people may want to try the different postures to determine which works best for them. Who should not use boric acid suppositories? Researchers say following 7 basic healthy lifestyle habits can help women lower their risk of dementia, Model Gigi Robinson shares how shes overcome challenges from living with multiple chronic conditions and how her life changed after she was diagnosed, A Texas lawsuit filed against the FDA is aiming to enact a nationwide ban against the first drug given for abortion medications. Although boric acid suppositories are generally safe for adults, minor side effects are possible. When this is not enough, artificial lubricants or, Vaginal infections can cause some uncomfortable symptoms. Harper B, et al. You may have other remedies at home, waiting to be used. What is the latest research on the form of cancer Jimmy Carter has? Some experts now recommend boric acid capsules inserted into the vagina (vaginal suppositories) as a treatment option for vaginal yeast infections, particularly infections that cant be cured by antifungal yeast infection medicines. Think before you speak. Bacterial Vaginosis CDC Basic Fact Sheet. (2014). The antibiotic may be oral (taken by mouth) or a cream or gel that you put into your vagina. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Glycerin (also called glycerol) suppositories lubricate and stimulate the bowel. To use boric acid suppositories, insert one into your vagina once a day for 3 to 6 days. Krista Sheehan is a registered nurse and professional writer. When used in capsules as a vaginal suppository, boric acid is only known to sometimes cause skin irritation. Boric Acid vaginal suppository is used to treat yeast infections and relieve symptoms such as itching. All rights reserved. Make sure to complete the prescribed course of treatment to reduce the likelihood of the infection returning. Gently insert one suppository as far as it can comfortably go into your vagina. Get the facts on treatment, As an expectant mom, you already know that your body is going through some major changes. No serious side effects or deaths have been reported. Boric acid is not safe to use if you are pregnant. And while BV is not considered an STI, if your partner has a vagina, they may be at risk of BV as well. Boric Acid Suppositories How To Use. Mullins MZ, et al. Boric acid causes irritation to open wounds in and around the vagina and should not be used in such cases. Try these tips to help reduce your risk of getting a yeast infection: If youve never had a yeast infection, its best to schedule a visit with your healthcare professional to confirm your symptoms are caused by a yeast infection. Continue reading to learn more about the safety of boric acid suppositories and more. For BV prevention, your doctor may suggest continuing treatment 2-3 times a week. Your healthcare provider may also suggest an entirely different treatment plan based on your individual BV situation. Can You Bleed after taking a boric acid suppository? De Seta F, et al. Does Garlic Actually Treat Yeast Infections? So, it's important to see your doctor if you have BV and start treatment right away. Treatment with antibiotics for BV is safe for your baby during pregnancy, and it may help reduce your risk for STDs. Carley Millhone is a writer and editor based in the Midwest who covers health, women's wellness, and travel. 5 Non-Christmas Movies to Watch This Holiday, Best Online Games to Play with your Friends, 12 tips for creating visual content on social media. So sick of these infections! Many of the medical applications for boric acid are connected to its use as an antiseptic, for instance, to treat minor cuts, burns, and acne. One of the main sources of boron and boric acid is the mining of minerals that have a high boron content. Here are 6 signs of Candida overgrowth and how to, Tea tree oil is antifungal and antibacterial, but can it be used to treat a vaginal yeast infection safely? (2020). Iavazzo C, et al. (2008). That said, boric acid is toxic: If exposed in small doses ( 5-20 g for adults), you may experience skin irritation or nausea, vomiting, stomach aches, and diarrhea, if swallowed. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Just make sure you always consult your doctor before using a boric acid suppository if you think you have BV. What is boric acid used for vaginally? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Good idea to use boric acid suppositories for yeast infections? But when used by mouth (internally), on open wounds, or by children, boric acid is toxic. (2007). You can also make your own capsules. Study protocol for randomized controlled trial. Larsen, B., Petrovic, M., & De Seta, F. (2018, April). Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Clinicians use of intravaginal boric acid maintenance therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis. Boric acid is a white powder derived from the element boron. Boric acid. There are other options available, like topical flucytosine (Ancobon), that also target this more resistant yeast. Boric acid can be toxic if ingested or put on open wounds. Boric acid is harmful if taken orally. However, these products are not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Research into boric acid for bacterial vaginosis is more limited. Vaginal boric acid will not prevent pregnancy and should not be used as a form of birth control. (2011). Can I have sex while using boric acid suppositories? Boric acid addition to suppressive antimicrobial therapy for recurrent bacterial vaginosis. Diluted boric acid may be used to treat skin conditions like diaper rash, insect bites, athletes foot, foot odor, and yeast infections. Heart failure: Could a low sodium diet sometimes do more harm than good? Enter: boric acid suppositories. However if you've been TTC for 15 months, I recommend you see a reproductive endocrinologist for testing and possible treatment. A new study finds there is a connection between womens reproductive history and heart health. Boric acid and commercial organoboron products as inhibitors of drug-resistant. The alternatives include 14 days of intravaginal treatment with a boric acid gelatin capsule, nystatin suppository, 17% flucytosine cream, or a cream with 17% flucytosine and 3% amphotericin B. Sorry for all the typos, my phone is cray. Are the medications commonly used for the management of yeast infections safe to use during pregnancy? Research suggests that boric acid restricts the growth of both C. albicans and C . A quick internet search may bring up some concern about the safety of boric acid suppositories. How to use boric acid for yeast infections. (2010). It can be formulated in vaginal capsules, but theyre meant only for intravaginal insertion (meaning you put the capsule directly in the vagina) and should never be taken orally. Boric acid is a toxic drug that can only be used as a suppository. If these are not bothersome, its probably ok Boric acid is a very caustic substance and could cause burns of the penis if it came into contact with the penis. Not only is it antiviral and antifungal, but it also works to treat both Candida albicans and the more resistant. Have been treated with numerous antibiotics, the boric acid is sorta like a supplement I also have been trying to eat lots of yogurt and take a feminine probiotic supplement to help keep it away. "And many daily practices or infections can disrupt this pH and cause symptoms such as itching, irritating, odor, abnormal discharge, and infection with yeast or other bacterial overgrowth.. Boric acid for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: The clinical evidence. Boric acid can be used to treat various vaginal infections and yeast. Hopefully this can help anyone else who makes the same mistake! When boric acid enters the body it can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dermatitis, kidney damage, acute failures of the circulatory system, and even death. TOL-463 is made of boric acid and another chemical called EDTA, which can enhance the activity of boric acid. Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. (2019). Biofilms are a group of microorganisms organized within a sticky matrix. What happens if you use a boric acid suppository while pregnant? (2017). For treatment of recurring yeast infections, standard yeast infection treatment is done for two weeks, and then boric acid can be used twice a week for 6 months to 1 year. You should *always* avoid oral use of boric acid because the substance is toxic when ingested. Boric acid for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: the clinical evidence. It also takes a look at when people may use vaginal suppositories, with information on what to expect in each case. "Boric acid suppositories should also not be used during pregnancy or in the presence of open wounds." Lastly, you should always obtain these capsules from a reputable pharmacy, Dr. Dweck says. Researchers believe boric acid has antifungal and antibacterial properties. Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT. Wash regularly with mild soap and warm water. But you should not use boric acid suppositories if you're treating BV while pregnant or trying to get . This content is imported from poll. While considered generally safe, these capsules can cause mild skin irritation. They should also visit a doctor to get tested for BV and receive treatment if they have it. It is commonly used to treat eye infections, yeast infections and athletes foot. Boric acid safe for chronic yeast infections? Bacterial vaginosis can be a stubborn infection that keeps coming back. The bottom line: Boric acid suppositories may help prevent recurrent yeast or bacterial vaginosis infections after you've completed standard, doctor-recommended treatment. Heres what you need to know and when you should contact your doctor. Another recent study found that a 12-week course of vitamin E suppositories might be beneficial for treating vaginal dryness and other symptoms of vaginal atrophy. Vaginal boric acid overdoses are not likely to be fatal. Treatment of vaginitis caused by Candida glabrata: use of topical boric acid and flucytosine. Her work has appeared in publications like SELF, Greatist, and PureWow. (n.d.). Can Yogurt Be Used to Treat a Yeast Infection? We include products we think are useful for our readers. I am not aware of any use in the form of a suppository. Chronic vulvovaginal candidiasis. But this isnt entirely true. Here is how to treat and help prevent. Jump in the fray! For most people, inserting boric acid suppositories into the vagina is considered safe. Is it safe to use boric acid suppositories while pregnant? Our spray also contains boric acid (the ingredient in our #1 Best Selling pH-D Boric Acid Suppositories) to help neutralize feminine odor. Learn the research on tea tree oil and, Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. Vaginal suppositories for contraception tend to be less effective than more common methods of birth control. A 2020 research review examined the animal studies discussed above and compared them with studies in humans who are regularly exposed to high levels of boron, the key element in boric acid, in the environment. T. vaginalis is the organism that causes trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted infection (STI). She instructed me to use it 2-3 times a week at night, excluding my fertile week. The natural form of this compound is found in volcanic areas in Europe and North America and has been used at least since the time of the ancient Greeks for cleaning, preserving food, and other purposes. To date, one clinical trial has been performed on boric acid for bacterial vaginosis, although others have been proposed. Hi! However, vaginal suppositories for treating yeast infections and vaginal dryness are generally considered both safe and effective. It may also prevent these organisms from forming biofilms. Candida yeast naturally lives in and on your body, but an overgrowth can lead to health problems. One theory is that it can help eliminate bacteria that cause the infection. US FDA pregnancy category: Not assigned. Nyirjesy P. (2001). (n.d.). Can diet help improve depression symptoms? National Library of Medicine. Although it has been categorized as "benign" by the Environmental Protection Agency, boric acid can be extremely harmful to a pregnant woman and her fetus. Dr. Owen : Well the truth is that there is no data to support that at all Dr. Owen : So, it is very Unlikely to cause any birth defect Dr. Owen : Boric acid is just a neutralizer to help with yeast infections Dr. Owen : So, not necessarily dangerous. Antibiotics are usually the first line of treatment. Check out our Zodiac Center! Vaginal boric acid is a homeopathic prescription medicine used to treat vaginal yeast infections and relieve symptoms such as burning, itching, and odor. We were diagnosed with unexplained infertility. Bacterial vaginosis is a common infection that causes symptoms such as itching, burning, vaginal discharge, and fishy odor. No, it isn't safe to use boric acid suppositories while you are on your period. (2011). Boric acid safe for chronic yeast infections? The infection is due to the organism Candida albicans. (2016, March). You may see some improvement in as little as one day, but its important to complete the full course of medication to ensure that the infection doesnt return. QUESTION My pregnant patients often present with symptomatic vaginal yeast infections. (15+ months). Boric acid is highly poisonous when taken orally. 10 Causes of Pain After Sex And What to do About It, Why It's Not Safe To Use Saliva as a Lubricant During Sex, Vaginal BurningOne Individual's Story of a Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Diagnosis, The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis, Bacterial Vaginosis CDC Basic Fact Sheet, Clinicians use of intravaginal boric acid maintenance therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis, Boric acid addition to suppressive antimicrobial therapy for recurrent bacterial vaginosis, Hylafem Boricum Acidum 2X- boricum acidum suppository. 2004-2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. Your email address will not be published. Emilia Benton is a Houston-based freelance writer and editor. Other conditions like bacterial vaginosis and some sexually transmitted infections can cause similar symptoms. Its unclear how boric acid works to treat vaginal infections. National Library of Medicine, DailyMed. (2020). Anti-fungal It kills the fungus that causes and spreads the yeast infection being a natural anti-fungal in nature. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Talk with your healthcare professional about this treatment option and how it might help you. Contraceptive suppositories contain a spermicide that acts to prevent pregnancy in two ways: People should insert the suppository into the vagina at least 10 minutes before sex. Is it safe to use boric acid suppositories while pregnant? This can dissolve in as little as 4-12 hours, depending on the individual woman, but it may take longer or less time. Wearing sanitary pads will protect underwear and bed linen from leakage. Unlikely. In some cases, boric acid suppositories might be prescribed as an alternative treatment, although their effectiveness and safety have not been fully studied. If BV keeps returning after antibiotic treatment, adding a boric acid suppository with antibiotics may help treat recurrent infections. DOI: Mayo Clinic Staff. BASIC study: is intravaginal boric acid non-inferior to metronidazole in symptomatic bacterial vaginosis? When areboric acid vaginal suppositories used? Sorry you're dealing with this. Then, throw out your applicator if you used one and rewash your hands. Bacterial vaginosis. Contraceptive suppositories are another type of vaginal suppository that some people used as a form of birth control. When consumed by mouth, boric acid is toxic and can potentially lead to death. During treatment, it's important to avoid sexual activity and other activities that can cause infections. (2012). Microdose Lupron Protocol: 15R/6M/6F, Froze all 6 due to high E2 and P4, FET 1: Jan 22, 2014 of one 4AB blast and one 3BB blast (3 blasts on ice! Oakley A. For women who are sensitive to hormone therapy, vitamin E suppositories could potentially be a suitable and safer alternative. How Boric Acid Treats Bacterial Vaginosis, 7 Reasons Why It Hurts to Peeand What To Do About It, 5 Things That Can Change the Way Your Vagina Smells, Why Does Sex Have a Smell? They result from an increased growth of yeast in the vagina, which causes irritation, swelling, and itching in the area. Boric acid is toxic when ingested by mouth, though. If you have recurrent or chronic yeast infections, boric acid may be a treatment worth investigating. We link primary sources including studies, scientific references, and statistics within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. 8 Things That Can Cause Odor, The 14 Best Hemorrhoid Creams and Treatments of 2023. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. wondering how long i need to wait after taking a boric acid suppository before having intercourse? With imperfect use, this figure can be as high as 28 percent. (2010). Side effects of using boric acid vaginal suppositories as directed tend to be mild. Last medically reviewed on August 29, 2018, A suppository is a medication that is inserted into the rectum, vagina, or urethra to be broken down and absorbed by the body. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. BASIC study: Is intravaginal boric acid non-inferior to metronidazole in symptomatic bacterial vaginosis? Lastly, you should always obtain these capsules from a reputable pharmacy, Dr. Dweck says. While swallowing a boric acid suppository is very dangerous, inserting one labeled for vaginal application into the vagina is generally considered safe. 2006 Apr;93(1):55-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2005.12.031. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Chronic vulvovaginal candidiasis. Pregnant people and those trying to get pregnant should not use boric acid suppositories. If you're constantly getting over-the-counter or prescription antibiotic treatments and seem to be in a vicious cycle, you may be hoping for other solutions. It can be helpful to lie down with your knees bent or slightly squatting. Effects of boron compounds on human reproduction. Studies show using boric acid suppositories with antibiotics as a complementary treatmentor as a preventive measurecan help treat some recurrent BV infections. No serious or severe side effects were observed. What happens if i used boric acid while pregnant ANSWER Existing data indicate that exposure to oral and topical antifungals, topical antiseptics, or corticosteroids during pregnancy is not associated with increased risk of major malformations. I'm not familiar with boric acid or its purpose. The researchers concluded that with all the available research, boric acid is a safe alternative to other treatments. Clinicians' use of intravaginal boric acid maintenance therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis. Douching or having new or multiple partners may increase your risk of BV since these activities can disrupt vaginal bacteria. A: Our spray is made with Amezol, a remarkable compound made up of natural peptide and amino acid derivatives that uniquely and safely neutralizes odor. Antibiotics are medicines that kill infections caused by bacteria.
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