One skilled in the art is familiar with the known protective system technologies, such as encapsulation and entrapment methodologies. Although about 0.01% sodium metabisulfite without magnesium ascorbyl phosphate may not color stabilize an about 4% hydroquinone composition, and about 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate without sodium metabisulfite may not either, the combination of sodium metabisulfite and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate in these percentages is effective to stabilize the color of the about 1% to about 12%, about 2% to about 10%, preferably about 2% to about 8% and more preferably about 3% to about 4% and most preferably 4% hydroquinone composition. This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions. Privacy Policy. vz >I d50dwp?i4,H3. Most preferably, when both a water-soluble antioxidant, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, are present, the color of the hydroquinone composition is stabilized in the neutral pH range, preferably for greater than about six months, more preferably for greater than about twelve months and most preferably for greater than about eighteen months. According to the polar paradox theory, this should lead to a dissolution of . Google Scholar, W. J. Weber Jr, Y.-P. Chin, C. P. Rice, Water Res. ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013, Ref document number: Lastly, I'd like to add benzoic acid for preservation purposes. INCI HydroquinoneEastman Hydroquinone, USP is a skin care ingredient used to produce effective skin- lightening applications for depigmentation. [34], It is also one of the chemical compounds found in castoreum. Keywords: D-170D; D-170; D170D; D170 Created Date F. Whler (1844) "Untersuchungen ber das Chinon" (Investigations of quinone). The preferred protected retinoid is in the form of small beads or vesicles which are of a form that can be adjusted to be incorporated into varied topical compositions. Using a laser-monitoring observation technique, the solubility of hydroquinone in water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and acetic acid were measured at temperatures ranging from 276.65 K to 345.10 K under the atmospheric pressure. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. The preferred form of protected retinol is manufactured by SunSmart (also known as Particle Sciences, Inc. of Bethlehem, PA) under the brand name of SunCaps A-1283. 114, 175188 (1996), I. Hahnenkamp, G. Graubner, J. Gmehling, Int. LSPS, Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Et Pharmacologie Structurale, University of Tlemcen, BP 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria, Department of Biology, University of Ghardaia, BP 455, 47000, Ghardaia, Algeria, You can also search for this author in Compositions according to this invention may include dermatologically acceptable carriers. The amount of crosslinking was controlled by the reaction conditions, including temperature, reaction time, and . Retinoids are included from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.025% to about 2%, more preferably 0.05% to about 1.0%, and most preferably from about 0.025% to about 0.5%. endstream endobj 382 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -558 -307 2034 1026 ] /FontName /BCGJCE+TimesNewRoman,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 160 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 389 0 R >> endobj 383 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 181 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 278 333 333 500 0 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 333 333 0 570 0 0 0 722 667 722 722 667 611 778 778 389 500 778 667 944 722 778 611 778 722 556 667 722 722 1000 722 722 0 333 0 333 0 0 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 333 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 576 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /BCGJCE+TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontDescriptor 382 0 R >> endobj 384 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 929 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -249 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -184 -249 1037 929 ] /FontName /BCGKAB+ImprintMT-Shadow /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 390 0 R >> endobj 385 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 122 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 323 323 0 0 0 375 240 0 510 427 510 510 0 510 0 510 510 510 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 729 0 729 0 698 0 0 854 0 0 0 0 927 802 813 0 0 0 604 0 0 0 0 802 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 448 552 0 552 448 0 0 573 271 0 0 271 875 573 500 0 552 375 0 323 573 0 0 0 500 448 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /BCGKAB+ImprintMT-Shadow /FontDescriptor 384 0 R >> endobj 386 0 obj << /N 3 /Alternate /DeviceRGB /Length 2575 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream Eng. However, these hydroquinone-containing compositions were in the acidic pH range and did not contain cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, such as magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. This saturated dicarboxylic acid exists as a white powder. Solubility: Moderately soluble in water, glycerin, propylene glycol, and highly soluble in ethanol Features & Benefits Can work in conjunction with glycolic acid to help reduce pigment in melasma Non-GMO Extremely low vapor pressure USP Grade European Pharma Grade Drug master file available upon request Applications Eng. It is soluble in water. In the United States, the most commonly used treatment for hyperpigmentation is 1,4-benzenediol, which is known as hydroquinone. Eng. 0000005306 00000 n 15, 188196 (1996), U. Domaska, Fluid Phase Equilib. and solubility in water. Free format text: 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Int J Thermophys 42, 1 (2021). 12.4. 115, 22772285 (2014), Article Retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), which are protected have been shown to also be color stable in hydroquinone, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and sodium metabisulfite composition at about a neutral pH, preferably from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably from about 6.0 to about 7.5. It would be desirable to combine the pigmentation disorder treatment with this skin benefit ingredient in one composition. 38, 40814091 (1999), J. Qingzhu, M. Peisheng, Y. Shouzhi, W. Qiang, W. Chang, L. Guiju, J. Chem. 29(3): 283-330, 1999. Then add it to the ingredients. Magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (also called magnesium ascorbityl phosphate or magnesium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate) has a chemical formula of C. In another embodiment, sodium metabisulfite and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate are used in about 0.01% (preferably from about 0.05% to about 0.5%, most preferably at least about 0.1%,) and about 0.5% (preferably from about 0.25% to about 3%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 1%, and most preferably at least about 0.5%) respectively in a composition with about 4% hydroquinone. The Beaver: Its Life and Impact. 88, 161164 (2010), J. Delgado, Int. You take the cream, put it in a container, take the powder measurement and add it. The disodium diphenolate salt of hydroquinone is used as an alternating comonomer unit in the production of the polymer PEEK. Res. D7VJV//KZ&t}JSW/L@,l@^ D@ @8 i W `^;V rD}25p>.Bv1}\_E p9 endstream endobj 392 0 obj 1303 endobj 376 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 350 0 R /Resources 377 0 R /Contents 381 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 377 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 379 0 R /TT4 383 0 R /TT6 385 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 387 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 378 0 R >> >> endobj 378 0 obj [ /ICCBased 386 0 R ] endobj 379 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 252 /Widths [ 250 0 408 500 0 833 778 180 333 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 564 564 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 611 333 0 333 0 500 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 541 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 400 0 0 0 0 576 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 500 444 0 0 0 444 0 0 0 444 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /BCGIOE+TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 380 0 R >> endobj 380 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2028 1007 ] /FontName /BCGIOE+TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 94 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 388 0 R >> endobj 381 0 obj << /Length 462 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream &"oq YcbX.=a*t R@ GHS P Statement: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. The experimental solubility data was well-correlated with the data, calculated by . Treatment with hydroquinone interferes with the action of tyrosinase, which is an enzyme used in the synthesis of melanin, and compositions are sold across the counter at about 2% hydroquinone and by prescription at higher concentrations. Other aspects, advantages, and modifications are evident from a review of the following claims. J. By acting as a free radical scavenger, hydroquinone serves to prolong the shelflife of light-sensitive resins such as preceramic polymers.[18]. Find answers in our support articles. Phase A is added to the tank, which is held at a temperature of from about 70 to about 75 C, and in which a CO. Some products also contain sunscreens. Anal. endstream endobj 1 0 obj <> endobj 2 0 obj <> endobj 12 0 obj <>stream I can only tell you how to mix the powder solution to the liquid solvent. 0000085850 00000 n 20, 14331442 (1986), G. Wienke, J. Gmehling, Toxicol. It is also used to prepare 2% bleaching creams and certain intermediates for the synthesis of dyes, and it has some activity as an antitumoragent. fungichromin, Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. It is a reducing agent that is reversibly oxidized to semiquinone and quinone. Continue rinsing.IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.Avoid release to the environment.WARNING: The information provided on this web site was developed in compliance with European Union (EU) regulations and is correct to the best of our knowledge, information and belief at the date of its publication. The information given is designed only as a guide for safe handling and use. While the hydroquinone is effective for the pigmentation disorder treatment, retinoid is used for its skin treatment benefits. It has a white-solid appearance. The protective system can be an entrapment system, a single or multi-laminar system, such as by formation of vesicle, such as a liposome, or by utilizing wax, paraffin, silicone, polyethylene or any material or system which protects the retinoid from oxidation. It does not have the same predisposition to cause dermatitis as metol does. 0000008514 00000 n J. Pharm. The preferred protected retinoid is in the form of small beads or vesicles which are of a form that can be adjusted to be incorporated into varied topical compositions. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic, hydroximic acids, Carboxylic acids, e.g. Phase B: Dissolve the ferulic acid in the glycerin - some "spirited" stirring may be necessary. Then add it to the ingredients. 230, 176183 (2005), A. Apelblat, E. Manzurola, N. A. Balal, J. Chem. 250, 165172 (2006), F. L. Mota, A. J. Queimada, A. E. Andreatta, S. P. Pinho, E. A. Macedo, Fluid Phase Equilib. 2 Liquid phase only; silicon dioxide remains as a residue in these solvents. trailer << /Size 393 /Info 347 0 R /Root 375 0 R /Prev 573815 /ID[<6893db2526a970a0c364cca2e99ca522>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 375 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 346 0 R /Metadata 348 0 R >> endobj 391 0 obj << /S 2217 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 392 0 R >> stream HlRMo0WB:NnVCnE4(i0 (1* )@NzHR!>i;8XaXnsO0LNT0l$B%"NAb0I9V *6/-\vn0W"fKF:AAgl:psRZ?k`&eB IUQ0ET;W#vL=@XwRG{-LHlTz]^s%OB(GF 11'I Thus, merely adding one retinoid to a hydroquinone composition would result in instability and/or discoloration, and adding hydroquinone to a retinoid product would have a similar result. Please sign in to view account pricing and product availability. Eng. Water Solubility 73000 mg/L at 25C 2.6B pH pKa 4.0 - 4.7 pK1 = 9.9 2.12 Oxidation:Reduction Potential +286 mV at 25C and pH 7 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE/BIODEGRADATION Thus, while cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, have beneficial antioxidant effects on the skin, the combination with hydroquinone in the invention results in a compatible and stable composition. 0000002221 00000 n GHS H Statement: Causes serious eye damage.Suspected of causing genetic defects.May cause an allergic skin reaction.Suspected of causing cancer.Harmful if swallowed.Very toxic to aquatic life. Hope it helps 6 yrs later. Skin Contact Wash off immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. [32], Hydroquinone is thought to be the active toxin in Agaricus hondensis mushrooms. As utilized herein, the inhibition of the retinoid oxidation should be sufficient to prohibit browning of the composition for its shelf life, preferably greater than about six months, more preferably greater than about twelve months, and most preferably greater than about eighteen months. Inhalation Remove to fresh air. Thermodyn. The present invention is not to be limited by any mechanism described in the specification, because it is defined by the claims. It exerts a depigmenting effect on skin of mammals by increasing the excretion of melanin from the melanocytes. Solubility of Hydroquinone. 552591, Z. Esina, M. Korchuganova, Theor. The obtained results show that the solubility of benzoic acid in water is greater than that of salicylic acid, but in the case of the two isomers of dihydroxybenzene, the solubility of resorcinol is approximately 100 times that of hydroquinone. Toughness of the polymer increases due to the presence of flexible units in the backbone such as long chain diols (e.g., diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol) or long chain saturated acids (e.g., adipic . All information collection is solely used to support ChemPoint customers service communications. Toxicol. Formula of hydroquinone is . uv curable cellulose estersuv curable cellulose esters . . How to dissolve Hydroquinone to make 4 oz. I understand the concentrations are high but I have used them before, its just too expensive to keep buying from a compounding pharmacy. This page was last modified on 19 June 2019, at 20:05. Tests, which results are detailed in the following two tables, are performed at 5C and 40C for certain percentages of magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at specific pHs. I did that by using 1 cup of cream, 4tbsp of hydroquinone and 4tbsp of water or solvent. Conversion factors (at 25C and normal atmospheric pressure) 1 ppm = 4.5 mg/m 3 1 mg/m 3 = 0.222 ppm Table 1. 0000003660 00000 n Boucif Belhachemi. It can also be found on eBay and Amazon. isosorbide, Ascorbic acid, i.e. The color stability of the hydroquinone composition is promoted by one or more antioxidants in the hydroquinone phase, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. In the environment, hydroquinone showed increased toxicity for aquatic organisms, being less harmful for bacteria and fungi. Our team has been notified and we will fix it as soon as possible. 0000004197 00000 n Hydroquinone occurs in the environment as a result of anthropogenic processes, as well as in natural products from plants and animals. The solubilities in binary and ternary systems of hydroquinone (1,4-dihydroxybenzene) and p-quinone (1,4-benzoquinone) in supercritical carbon dioxide were measured in the pressure range 10.0 to 35.0 MPa at temperatures of 333, 348 and 363 K.In binary systems, the solubility of hydroquinone was three orders of magnitude lower than that of p-quinone. Your document download will begin shortly. For use herein, the encapsulation forms a protective system to prohibit or inhibit the oxidation of the retinoid. Eastman has active ingredients, thickeners, plasticizers, film formers, and more for your personal care formulations. 1401417, Country of ref document: Hydroquinone is sold by chemical suppliers. Hydroquinone[1] Idrochinone Quinol 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene p-dihydroxybenzene p-hydroxyphenol 1,4-Hydroxy benzene Identifiers CAS Number 123-31-9 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image Beilstein Reference 605970 ChEBI CHEBI:17594 Y ChEMBL ChEMBL537 Y ChemSpider 764 Y DrugBank DB09526 ECHA InfoCard 100.004.199 EC Number 204-617-8 Gmelin Reference 2742
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